Esteemed history professor Thomas F. Madden explores the reformations that swept across Christendom in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The impact of these reforms affected government popes and kings as well as commoners for at this time the Church was an omnipresent part of European identity—and the import of Church reforms on every level of life at this time simply cannot be underestimated. Involved in this fascinating era are such notable personages as King Henry VIII Martin Luther and John Calvin. Through every aspect of this remarkable process of reformation Professor Madden captures the essence of the era—and imparts a true studied understanding of just what this time period meant to the course of human events.